#!/usr/bin/env python3
# Copyright (c) Meta Platforms, Inc. and affiliates.
#
# This source code is licensed under the MIT license found in the
# LICENSE file in the root directory of this source tree.
r"""Representations for different kinds of datasets."""
from __future__ import annotations
import collections
import warnings
from typing import Any, Dict, List, Optional, Union
import torch
from botorch.exceptions.errors import InputDataError, UnsupportedError
from botorch.utils.containers import BotorchContainer, SliceContainer
from torch import long, ones, Tensor
[docs]
class SupervisedDataset:
r"""Base class for datasets consisting of labelled pairs `(X, Y)`
and an optional `Yvar` that stipulates observations variances so
that `Y[i] ~ N(f(X[i]), Yvar[i])`.
Example:
.. code-block:: python
X = torch.rand(16, 2)
Y = torch.rand(16, 1)
feature_names = ["learning_rate", "embedding_dim"]
outcome_names = ["neg training loss"]
A = SupervisedDataset(
X=X,
Y=Y,
feature_names=feature_names,
outcome_names=outcome_names,
)
B = SupervisedDataset(
X=DenseContainer(X, event_shape=X.shape[-1:]),
Y=DenseContainer(Y, event_shape=Y.shape[-1:]),
feature_names=feature_names,
outcome_names=outcome_names,
)
assert A == B
"""
def __init__(
self,
X: Union[BotorchContainer, Tensor],
Y: Union[BotorchContainer, Tensor],
*,
feature_names: List[str],
outcome_names: List[str],
Yvar: Union[BotorchContainer, Tensor, None] = None,
validate_init: bool = True,
) -> None:
r"""Constructs a `SupervisedDataset`.
Args:
X: A `Tensor` or `BotorchContainer` representing the input features.
Y: A `Tensor` or `BotorchContainer` representing the outcomes.
feature_names: A list of names of the features in `X`.
outcome_names: A list of names of the outcomes in `Y`.
Yvar: An optional `Tensor` or `BotorchContainer` representing
the observation noise.
validate_init: If `True`, validates the input shapes.
"""
self._X = X
self._Y = Y
self._Yvar = Yvar
self.feature_names = feature_names
self.outcome_names = outcome_names
if validate_init:
self._validate()
@property
def X(self) -> Tensor:
if isinstance(self._X, Tensor):
return self._X
return self._X()
@property
def Y(self) -> Tensor:
if isinstance(self._Y, Tensor):
return self._Y
return self._Y()
@property
def Yvar(self) -> Optional[Tensor]:
if self._Yvar is None or isinstance(self._Yvar, Tensor):
return self._Yvar
return self._Yvar()
def _validate(
self,
validate_feature_names: bool = True,
validate_outcome_names: bool = True,
) -> None:
r"""Checks that the shapes of the inputs are compatible with each other.
Args:
validate_feature_names: By default, we validate that the length of
`feature_names` matches the # of columns of `self.X`. If a
particular dataset, e.g., `RankingDataset`, is known to violate
this assumption, this can be set to `False`.
validate_outcome_names: By default, we validate that the length of
`outcomes_names` matches the # of columns of `self.Y`. If a
particular dataset, e.g., `RankingDataset`, is known to violate
this assumption, this can be set to `False`.
"""
shape_X = self.X.shape
if isinstance(self._X, BotorchContainer):
shape_X = shape_X[: len(shape_X) - len(self._X.event_shape)]
else:
shape_X = shape_X[:-1]
shape_Y = self.Y.shape
if isinstance(self._Y, BotorchContainer):
shape_Y = shape_Y[: len(shape_Y) - len(self._Y.event_shape)]
else:
shape_Y = shape_Y[:-1]
if shape_X != shape_Y:
raise ValueError("Batch dimensions of `X` and `Y` are incompatible.")
if self.Yvar is not None and self.Yvar.shape != self.Y.shape:
raise ValueError("Shapes of `Y` and `Yvar` are incompatible.")
if validate_feature_names and len(self.feature_names) != self.X.shape[-1]:
raise ValueError(
"`X` must have the same number of columns as the number of "
"features in `feature_names`."
)
if validate_outcome_names and len(self.outcome_names) != self.Y.shape[-1]:
raise ValueError(
"`Y` must have the same number of columns as the number of "
"outcomes in `outcome_names`."
)
def __eq__(self, other: Any) -> bool:
return (
type(other) is type(self)
and torch.equal(self.X, other.X)
and torch.equal(self.Y, other.Y)
and (
other.Yvar is None
if self.Yvar is None
else other.Yvar is not None and torch.equal(self.Yvar, other.Yvar)
)
and self.feature_names == other.feature_names
and self.outcome_names == other.outcome_names
)
[docs]
class FixedNoiseDataset(SupervisedDataset):
r"""A SupervisedDataset with an additional field `Yvar` that stipulates
observations variances so that `Y[i] ~ N(f(X[i]), Yvar[i])`.
NOTE: This is deprecated. Use `SupervisedDataset` instead.
Will be removed in a future release (~v0.11).
"""
def __init__(
self,
X: Union[BotorchContainer, Tensor],
Y: Union[BotorchContainer, Tensor],
Yvar: Union[BotorchContainer, Tensor],
feature_names: List[str],
outcome_names: List[str],
validate_init: bool = True,
) -> None:
r"""Initialize a `FixedNoiseDataset` -- deprecated!"""
warnings.warn(
"`FixedNoiseDataset` is deprecated. Use `SupervisedDataset` instead.",
DeprecationWarning,
)
super().__init__(
X=X,
Y=Y,
feature_names=feature_names,
outcome_names=outcome_names,
Yvar=Yvar,
validate_init=validate_init,
)
[docs]
class RankingDataset(SupervisedDataset):
r"""A SupervisedDataset whose labelled pairs `(x, y)` consist of m-ary combinations
`x ∈ Z^{m}` of elements from a ground set `Z = (z_1, ...)` and ranking vectors
`y {0, ..., m - 1}^{m}` with properties:
a) Ranks start at zero, i.e. min(y) = 0.
b) Sorted ranks are contiguous unless one or more ties are present.
c) `k` ranks are skipped after a `k`-way tie.
Example:
.. code-block:: python
X = SliceContainer(
values=torch.rand(16, 2),
indices=torch.stack([torch.randperm(16)[:3] for _ in range(8)]),
event_shape=torch.Size([3 * 2]),
)
Y = DenseContainer(
torch.stack([torch.randperm(3) for _ in range(8)]),
event_shape=torch.Size([3])
)
feature_names = ["item_0", "item_1"]
outcome_names = ["ranking outcome"]
dataset = RankingDataset(
X=X,
Y=Y,
feature_names=feature_names,
outcome_names=outcome_names,
)
"""
def __init__(
self,
X: SliceContainer,
Y: Union[BotorchContainer, Tensor],
feature_names: List[str],
outcome_names: List[str],
validate_init: bool = True,
) -> None:
r"""Construct a `RankingDataset`.
Args:
X: A `SliceContainer` representing the input features being ranked.
Y: A `Tensor` or `BotorchContainer` representing the rankings.
feature_names: A list of names of the features in X.
outcome_names: A list of names of the outcomes in Y.
validate_init: If `True`, validates the input shapes.
"""
super().__init__(
X=X,
Y=Y,
feature_names=feature_names,
outcome_names=outcome_names,
Yvar=None,
validate_init=validate_init,
)
def _validate(self) -> None:
super()._validate(validate_feature_names=False, validate_outcome_names=False)
if len(self.feature_names) != self._X.values.shape[-1]:
raise ValueError(
"The `values` field of `X` must have the same number of columns as "
"the number of features in `feature_names`."
)
Y = self.Y
arity = self._X.indices.shape[-1]
if Y.min() < 0 or Y.max() >= arity:
raise ValueError("Invalid ranking(s): out-of-bounds ranks detected.")
# Ensure that rankings are well-defined
Y_sort = Y.sort(descending=False, dim=-1).values
y_incr = ones([], dtype=long)
y_prev = None
for i, y in enumerate(Y_sort.unbind(dim=-1)):
if i == 0:
if (y != 0).any():
raise ValueError("Invalid ranking(s): missing zero-th rank.")
y_prev = y
continue
y_diff = y - y_prev
y_prev = y
# Either a tie or next ranking when accounting for previous ties
if not ((y_diff == 0) | (y_diff == y_incr)).all():
raise ValueError("Invalid ranking(s): ranks not skipped after ties.")
# Same as: torch.where(y_diff == 0, y_incr + 1, 1)
y_incr = y_incr - y_diff + 1
[docs]
class MultiTaskDataset(SupervisedDataset):
"""This is a multi-task dataset that is constructed from the datasets of
individual tasks. It offers functionality to combine parts of individual
datasets to construct the inputs necessary for the `MultiTaskGP` models.
The datasets of individual tasks are allowed to represent different sets
of features. When there are heterogeneous feature sets, calling
`MultiTaskDataset.X` will result in an error.
"""
def __init__(
self,
datasets: List[SupervisedDataset],
target_outcome_name: str,
task_feature_index: Optional[int] = None,
):
"""Construct a `MultiTaskDataset`.
Args:
datasets: A list of the datasets of individual tasks. Each dataset
is expected to contain data for only one outcome.
target_outcome_name: Name of the target outcome to be modeled.
task_feature_index: If the task feature is included in the Xs of the
individual datasets, this should be used to specify its index.
If omitted, the task feature will be appended while concatenating Xs.
If given, we sanity-check that the names of the task features
match between all datasets.
"""
self.datasets: Dict[str, SupervisedDataset] = {
ds.outcome_names[0]: ds for ds in datasets
}
self.target_outcome_name = target_outcome_name
self.task_feature_index = task_feature_index
self._validate_datasets(datasets=datasets)
self.feature_names = self.datasets[target_outcome_name].feature_names
self.outcome_names = [target_outcome_name]
# Check if the datasets have identical feature sets.
self.has_heterogeneous_features = any(
datasets[0].feature_names != ds.feature_names for ds in datasets[1:]
)
[docs]
@classmethod
def from_joint_dataset(
cls,
dataset: SupervisedDataset,
task_feature_index: int,
target_task_value: int,
outcome_names_per_task: Optional[Dict[int, str]] = None,
) -> MultiTaskDataset:
r"""Construct a `MultiTaskDataset` from a joint dataset that includes the
data for all tasks with the task feature index.
This will break down the joint dataset into individual datasets by the value
of the task feature. Each resulting dataset will have its outcome name set
based on `outcome_names_per_task`, with the missing values defaulting to
`task_<task_feature>` (except for the target task, which will retain the
original outcome name from the dataset).
Args:
dataset: The joint dataset.
task_feature_index: The column index of the task feature in `dataset.X`.
target_task_value: The value of the task feature for the target task
in the dataset. The data for the target task is filtered according to
`dataset.X[task_feature_index] == target_task_value`.
outcome_names_per_task: Optional dictionary mapping task feature values
to the outcome names for each task. If not provided, the auxiliary
tasks will be named `task_<task_feature>` and the target task will
retain the outcome name from the dataset.
Returns:
A `MultiTaskDataset` instance.
"""
if len(dataset.outcome_names) > 1:
raise UnsupportedError(
"Dataset containing more than one outcome is not supported. "
f"Got {dataset.outcome_names=}."
)
outcome_names_per_task = outcome_names_per_task or {}
# Split datasets by task feature.
datasets = []
all_task_features = dataset.X[:, task_feature_index]
for task_value in all_task_features.unique().long().tolist():
default_name = (
dataset.outcome_names[0]
if task_value == target_task_value
else f"task_{task_value}"
)
outcome_name = outcome_names_per_task.get(task_value, default_name)
filter_mask = all_task_features == task_value
new_dataset = SupervisedDataset(
X=dataset.X[filter_mask],
Y=dataset.Y[filter_mask],
Yvar=dataset.Yvar[filter_mask] if dataset.Yvar is not None else None,
feature_names=dataset.feature_names,
outcome_names=[outcome_name],
)
datasets.append(new_dataset)
# Return the new
return cls(
datasets=datasets,
target_outcome_name=outcome_names_per_task.get(
target_task_value, dataset.outcome_names[0]
),
task_feature_index=task_feature_index,
)
def _validate_datasets(self, datasets: List[SupervisedDataset]) -> None:
"""Validates that:
* Each dataset models only one outcome;
* Each outcome is modeled by only one dataset;
* The target outcome is included in the datasets;
* The datasets do not model batched inputs;
* The task feature names of the datasets all match;
* Either all or none of the datasets specify Yvar.
"""
if any(len(ds.outcome_names) > 1 for ds in datasets):
raise UnsupportedError(
"Datasets containing more than one outcome are not supported."
)
if len(self.datasets) != len(datasets):
raise UnsupportedError(
"Received multiple datasets for the same outcome. Each dataset "
"must contain data for a unique outcome. Got datasets with "
f"outcome names: {(ds.outcome_names for ds in datasets)}."
)
if self.target_outcome_name not in self.datasets:
raise InputDataError(
"Target outcome is not present in the datasets. "
f"Got {self.target_outcome_name=} and datasets for "
f"outcomes {list(self.datasets.keys())}."
)
if any(len(ds.X.shape) > 2 for ds in datasets):
raise UnsupportedError(
"Datasets modeling batched inputs are not supported."
)
if self.task_feature_index is not None:
tf_names = [ds.feature_names[self.task_feature_index] for ds in datasets]
if any(name != tf_names[0] for name in tf_names[1:]):
raise InputDataError(
"Expected the names of the task features to match across all "
f"datasets. Got {tf_names}."
)
all_Yvars = [ds.Yvar for ds in datasets]
is_none = [yvar is None for yvar in all_Yvars]
# Check that either all or None of the Yvars exist.
if not all(is_none) and any(is_none):
raise UnsupportedError(
"Expected either all or none of the datasets to have a Yvar. "
"Only subset of datasets define Yvar, which is unsupported."
)
@property
def X(self) -> Tensor:
"""Appends task features, if needed, and concatenates the Xs of datasets to
produce the `train_X` expected by `MultiTaskGP` and subclasses.
If appending the task features, 0 is reserved for the target task and the
remaining tasks are populated with 1, 2, ..., len(datasets) - 1.
"""
if self.has_heterogeneous_features:
raise UnsupportedError(
"Concatenating `X`s from datasets with heterogeneous feature sets "
"is not supported."
)
all_Xs = []
next_task = 1
for outcome, ds in self.datasets.items():
if self.task_feature_index is None:
# Append the task feature index.
if outcome == self.target_outcome_name:
task_feature = 0
else:
task_feature = next_task
next_task = next_task + 1
all_Xs.append(torch.nn.functional.pad(ds.X, (0, 1), value=task_feature))
else:
all_Xs.append(ds.X)
return torch.cat(all_Xs, dim=0)
@property
def Y(self) -> Tensor:
"""Concatenates Ys of the datasets."""
return torch.cat([ds.Y for ds in self.datasets.values()], dim=0)
@property
def Yvar(self) -> Optional[Tensor]:
"""Concatenates Yvars of the datasets if they exist."""
all_Yvars = [ds.Yvar for ds in self.datasets.values()]
return None if all_Yvars[0] is None else torch.cat(all_Yvars, dim=0)
[docs]
def get_dataset_without_task_feature(self, outcome_name: str) -> SupervisedDataset:
"""A helper for extracting the child datasets with their task features removed.
If the task feature index is `None`, the dataset will be returned as is.
Args:
outcome_name: The outcome name for the dataset to extract.
Returns:
The dataset without the task feature.
"""
dataset = self.datasets[outcome_name]
if self.task_feature_index is None:
return dataset
indices = list(range(len(self.feature_names)))
indices.pop(self.task_feature_index)
return SupervisedDataset(
X=dataset.X[..., indices],
Y=dataset.Y,
Yvar=dataset.Yvar,
feature_names=[
fn for i, fn in enumerate(dataset.feature_names) if i in indices
],
outcome_names=[outcome_name],
)
[docs]
class ContextualDataset(SupervisedDataset):
"""This is a contextual dataset that is constructed from either a single
dateset containing overall outcome or a list of datasets that each corresponds
to a context breakdown.
"""
def __init__(
self,
datasets: List[SupervisedDataset],
parameter_decomposition: Dict[str, List[str]],
context_buckets: List[str],
metric_decomposition: Optional[Dict[str, List[str]]] = None,
):
"""Construct a `ContextualDataset`.
Args:
datasets: A list of the datasets of individual tasks. Each dataset
is expected to contain data for only one outcome.
parameter_decomposition: Dict from context name to list of indices
of X corresponding to that context.
context_buckets: List of the context names in the order of dataset
in datasets corresponding to each context outcome.
metric_decomposition: Context breakdown metrics. Keys are context names.
Values are the lists of metric names belonging to the context:
{'context1': ['m1_c1'], 'context2': ['m1_c2'],}.
"""
self.datasets: Dict[str, SupervisedDataset] = {
ds.outcome_names[0]: ds for ds in datasets
}
self.feature_names = datasets[0].feature_names
self.outcome_names = list(self.datasets.keys())
self.parameter_decomposition = parameter_decomposition
self.context_buckets = context_buckets
self.metric_decomposition = metric_decomposition
self._validate_datasets(
datasets=datasets, metric_decomposition=metric_decomposition
)
# order the dataset based on context bucket
self.outcome_names = self._sort_outcome_names()
@property
def X(self) -> Tensor:
return self.datasets[self.outcome_names[0]].X
@property
def Y(self) -> Tensor:
"""Concatenates the Ys from the child datasets to create the Y expected
by LCEM model if there are multiple datasets; Or return the Y expected
by LCEA model if there is only one dataset.
"""
if len(self.datasets) == 1:
# use LCEA model
return self.datasets[self.outcome_names[0]].Y
else:
return torch.cat(
[self.datasets[outcome_name].Y for outcome_name in self.outcome_names],
dim=-1,
)
@property
def Yvar(self) -> Tensor:
"""Concatenates the Yvars from the child datasets to create the Y expected
by LCEM model if there are multiple datasets; Or return the Yvar expected
by LCEA model if there is only one dataset.
"""
if len(self.datasets) == 1:
# use LCEA model
return self.datasets[self.outcome_names[0]].Yvar
else:
return torch.cat(
[
self.datasets[outcome_name].Yvar
for outcome_name in self.outcome_names
],
dim=-1,
)
def _sort_outcome_names(self) -> List[str]:
"""Sort the outcome names according to the order of context buckets."""
outcome_names = list(self.datasets.keys())
if len(outcome_names) == 1:
return outcome_names
else:
context_outcome_map = {}
for context in self.context_buckets:
for outcome_name in outcome_names:
if outcome_name in self.metric_decomposition[context]:
if context_outcome_map.get(context, None) is not None:
raise ValueError(
f"{context} bucket contains mutltiple outcomes"
)
context_outcome_map[context] = outcome_name
return [context_outcome_map[context] for context in self.context_buckets]
def _validate_datasets(
self,
datasets: List[SupervisedDataset],
metric_decomposition: Optional[Dict[str, List[str]]] = None,
) -> None:
"""Validation of given datasets.
1. each dataset has same X.
2. metric_decomposition is not None if there are multiple datasets.
3. metric_decomposition contains all the outcomes in datasets.
4. value keys of parameter decomposition and the keys of
metric_decomposition match context buckets.
"""
X = datasets[0].X
for dataset in datasets:
if torch.equal(X, dataset.X) is not True:
raise InputDataError("Require same X for context buckets")
if len(datasets) > 1:
if metric_decomposition is None:
raise InputDataError(
"metric_decomposition must be provided when there are"
+ " multiple datasets."
)
else:
if metric_decomposition is not None:
raise InputDataError(
"metric_decomposition is redundant when there is one "
+ "dataset for overall outcome."
)
if collections.Counter(
list(self.parameter_decomposition.keys())
) != collections.Counter(self.context_buckets):
raise InputDataError(
"Keys of parameter decomposition and context buckets do not match."
)
if metric_decomposition is not None:
if collections.Counter(
list(self.metric_decomposition.keys())
) != collections.Counter(self.context_buckets):
raise InputDataError(
"Keys of metric decomposition and context buckets do not match."
)
all_metrics = []
for m in metric_decomposition.values():
all_metrics.extend(m)
for outcome in self.outcome_names:
if outcome not in all_metrics:
raise InputDataError(
f"{outcome} is missing in metric_decomposition."
)
